Nestled in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, the Old Idaho State Penitentiary stands as a striking testament to the state’s turbulent history. Located in Boise, Idaho, this historic site offers a glimpse into the life of inmates and the evolution of the penal system in the United States. Since its closure in 1973, the penitentiary has become a significant attraction, drawing visitors fascinated by its architectural grandeur, notorious inmates, and ghostly legends.
Construction and Early Years
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary was constructed between 1870 and 1872 and officially opened its doors in 1872. The decision to build a state penitentiary in Idaho came after the growing population of miners, settlers, and law enforcement led to an increasing number of prisoners. Initially, the facility was designed to hold 100 inmates, but over the years, it would house more than 2,000 men and women at various times.
The original architectural design was influenced by the Castle Style, which mimicked medieval fortresses, complete with stone walls and towers. The choice of location, at the base of the scenic Table Rock, added to the imposing presence of the penitentiary and made it a notable landmark in the region.
Evolution of the Facility
Throughout its operational years, the Old Idaho State Penitentiary underwent numerous expansions and renovations to accommodate the increasing inmate population. New cell blocks, a hospital, and a chapel were added to the facility. The penitentiary was known for its self-sufficiency, with inmates engaged in various labor projects, including farming, sewing, and manufacturing goods for the state.
Over time, the penitentiary garnered a reputation for harsh living conditions and punitive discipline. Many inmates faced brutal treatment, and the prison’s isolation contributed to a grim atmosphere. Several notorious inmates spent time within its walls, including James “Doc” Boone, a well-known outlaw, and Franklin “Frank” L. Baird, a criminal who made headlines for his daring escape attempts.
The Infamous Riot of 1971
One of the most significant events in the penitentiary’s history occurred in 1971 when a massive riot erupted among the inmates. Over 300 prisoners took control of the facility for several hours, resulting in chaos and destruction. The riot was sparked by a combination of factors, including overcrowding and grievances about living conditions.
State authorities eventually regained control, but the incident underscored the issues within the prison system and led to increased scrutiny and calls for reform. This tumultuous event marked the beginning of the end for the Old Idaho State Penitentiary, and it was officially closed two years later in 1973.
Famous Inmates
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary housed many notorious criminals throughout its history, contributing to its infamy. Some notable inmates include:
- James “Doc” Boone: A notorious outlaw who gained fame as a member of the Wild Bunch gang, Boone was sentenced to 25 years for robbery and spent several years at the penitentiary.
- Frank “Frankie” Baird: Baird was known for his numerous escape attempts, including one dramatic escape using a makeshift hot air balloon. His daring attempts made him a legend among inmates.
- M. O. Cline: Convicted of murder in 1915, Cline became known for his violent outbursts and was ultimately executed in the gas chamber.
Design and Structure
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary was designed with a unique architectural style that sets it apart from other correctional facilities of its time. The original structure is composed of sandstone and brick, giving it a castle-like appearance. The design included tall walls, watchtowers, and narrow, barred windows, reflecting the oppressive nature of prison life.
Key Structures
- Main Cell Block: The heart of the penitentiary, this area originally housed the majority of the inmates. It features two tiers of cells, with the design emphasizing surveillance and control.
- Execution Chamber: The chamber, where the state carried out executions, was located within the prison grounds. It served as a chilling reminder of the ultimate punishment for inmates convicted of capital crimes.
- Chaplain’s Office: This space served as a place of solace for inmates and featured beautiful stained glass windows. The chaplain played a vital role in offering spiritual support to those imprisoned.
- Prison Yard: The expansive yard allowed inmates to exercise and engage in outdoor activities. It also served as a stark contrast to the confinement of their cells.
Ghost Stories and Haunting Legends
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary is rumored to be haunted, and tales of ghostly encounters abound. Many visitors and staff members have reported eerie experiences, such as:
- Phantom Footsteps: Visitors often claim to hear footsteps echoing through the halls, even when no one else is present.
- Shadowy Figures: Some have described seeing shadowy figures moving about the prison yard or in the cell blocks, creating an unsettling atmosphere.
- Cold Spots: Many people report sudden drops in temperature in certain areas of the prison, leading to the belief that spirits may linger in those spaces.
- Disembodied Voices: Tour guides and visitors alike have claimed to hear whispers and murmurs in empty rooms, suggesting that the spirits of former inmates may still reside within the walls.
Due to its haunted reputation, the Old Idaho State Penitentiary has become a popular destination for paranormal investigations and ghost tours, attracting thrill-seekers and history buffs alike.
Tours and Events
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary is open to the public, offering guided tours that delve into its rich history and notorious past. The tours typically include visits to key areas of the prison, including the cell blocks, execution chamber, and the original grounds.
Special events, such as historical reenactments and ghost tours, are often held throughout the year, providing visitors with unique experiences that bring the past to life. The penitentiary also hosts educational programs aimed at teaching visitors about the history of incarceration and the evolution of the justice system in Idaho.
The Old Idaho State Penitentiary is more than just a collection of old buildings; it is a portal into the past, where stories of struggle, survival, and the human spirit come to life. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a ghost hunter, or simply curious about this unique site, a visit to the Old Idaho State Penitentiary offers an unforgettable experience steeped in history and mystery. As you walk through the halls and grounds of this historic prison, you can’t help but feel a connection to the lives that were once lived within its walls, making it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Idaho.
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